EU and IMF inspectors will return to Greece on Thursday to decide whether Athens has done enough to secure a new batch of aid vital to avoid bankruptcy, while Germany suggested a new bailout may have to be renegotiated.

Facing a wave of strikes and protests, Greece's Socialist government is accelerating budget measures to meet the terms of an International Monetary Fund and European Union rescue deal so it can receive a new loan next month.

The "troika" team of inspectors, which had threatened to cut off aid if Athens did not move faster, will hold talks on a plan to deepen budget cuts and raise taxes which has driven protesters back onto the streets for the first time since June.

"I can confirm the Eurogroup (of euro zone ministers) will hold an additional meeting as soon as possible, still in October, to discuss the situation of Greece and consider the disbursement of the next tranche," a European Commission spokesman said in Brussels, announcing the troika's return.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel suggested that parts of a planned new 109-billion-euro ($148.6 billion) rescue for the debt-laden country could be reopened, depending on the outcome of the troika's audit.

"We have to wait and see what the troika ... finds and what it will tell us (whether) we will have to renegotiate or not," she told Greek state television NET, without elaborating.

Several hundred activists affiliated with the Greek Communists converged on the finance ministry on Wednesday waving a banner saying "We won't pay!". They burned bills for a new one-off income tax introduced this summer, while Athens and other parts of the country were hit by transport strikes.

If deemed adequate by the inspectors, the new austerity drive will secure an 8-billion-euro loan Greece needs to pay bills and salaries in October and bring it closer to moving on to a second bailout agreed in July.

As a condition of the visit and to resolve the row with the lenders, the Greek government had promised to send a written assurance outlining its new plan to meet its bailout targets. Its contents have not been made public.

"Instead of coming and going, the troika should spend a month with a pensioner, a family-man and then tell us whether these measures are human," said 50-year-old aviation worker, Costas Papalambros, a father of two.

"The next tranche will just be an aspirin, it won't cure the patient. What we need is growth and I don't see it happening They need to change policies," he told Reuters.

Even Deputy Prime Minister Theodoros Pangalos, who said he faced selling real estate to pay a new property tax, admitted Greeks' pain threshold was being tested.

 think that the tax-paying limits of Greek society have been exhausted. I would say they have been exhausted for some time now," he told Mega TV. "But I think that we should act on the other side of the problem which is spending."

Germany has repeatedly said negotiations about the details of the second rescue deal can begin only when the troika says Greece has qualified to receive the tranche expected in October, the sixth under a first bailout agreed in 2010.

At the same time, leaders from around the world have urged euro zone capitals to end a tortuous debate and create a safety net big enough to prevent Greece's problems from spreading to other euro members and triggering a fresh global downturn.

DEBT SWAP DEBATE DEEPENS

The second bailout aims to ease Greece's debt burden by imposing a 21 percent loss on private Greek bondholders.

After intensifying debate among economists and policymakers that only a 50 percent loss would make the country's debt viable, more investors have signed up to the bond exchange plan, Greek financial daily Naftemporiki reported.

Citing an unidentified finance ministry official, it said Greece's weeks-long struggle to lure private bondholders into the rescue plan had ended with it reaching the 90 percent participation target.
The finance ministry declined to comment on the report.

There is no agreement yet among euro zone governments on whether a renegotiation is needed, including more pain for Greece's bank creditors, or on a U.S.-sponsored plan to leverage the bloc's rescue fund to give it more firepower.

Germany's Bundestag (lower house) will vote on Thursday on widening the scope of the European Financial Stability Facility bailout fund, as agreed by the EU leaders on July 21.

Merkel faces a revolt within her conservative camp and may have to rely on support from the opposition Social Democrats and Greens to get the measure approved, damaging her authority.

STRIKES GRIP GREECE

Late on Tuesday, police dispersed about 1,000 anti-austerity protesters with tear gas in Athens' Syntagma Square, the epicentre of anti-austerity protests.

Taxi drivers, bus and tram operators staged strikes on Wednesday, causing long traffic jams leading into the ancient city centre and forcing luggage-hauling tourists scrambling to find rides to the airport.

Other trades ranging from craftsmen, printers and tax officials also staged stoppages and activists planned marches on parliament and the port of Piraeus later in the day.

"I've been trying to find a job for a year now and it's impossible," said Maria Kappa, a graduate of the School of Philosophy in Athens. "I don't see the rich people hurt by this austerity, it's always the poor who have to pay."

Lawmakers opened the way to the troika visit on Tuesday by passing a property tax bill. That piles the pressure on Greeks suffering from several waves of belt-tightening and deepens an economic downturn heading into its fourth year.

Prime Minister George Papandreou's 154 Socialist deputies forced the measure through in the 300-seat parliament.

In the accelerated strategy, the government will cut the 730,000 public workforce by a fifth, reduce the public wage bill by 20 percent, as well as lower overall pensions by 4 percent in addition to a 10 percent cut already agreed in previous plans.

It will also now extend the new real estate tax until 2014, two years longer than originally planned, after the troika judged Greece's estimate that it would raise 2 billion euros a year to be too high.

The dislocation of the middle class

 
  
By Nikos Xydakis

The pension cuts announced by PASOK’s socialist administration in the name of fiscal reform are essentially a shameless embezzlement of social security contributions.

Even those of us who have retired with an early -- and reduced -- pension have paid full contributions for 25 or 30 years of employment. So have, of course, those people who have worked for more than 35 years.

The government is not trimming some welfare benefits; it is rather slashing pensions which have been paid for with decades of social security contributions.

In that sense, in admitting that it is incapable of enforcing a fair tax system, the state is breaching a pact and violating the rights of every honest and responsible man and woman in this country.

Similarly, the emergency property tax (which the administration now says will become a permanent feature of the country’s tax system) is also an unfair, horizontal punishment against all homeowners, weather rich or poor; it is also a heavy blow on the weak and unemployed. It is a measure that borders on an outright confiscation.

During its lengthy history, Greece, like most of the southern Mediterranean nations, has depended on property ownership on a small scale, small businesses and economic activity in a limited number of sectors. Excessive taxation on people’s private assets and businesses is in a way an attack on this social condition -- an attack that threatens the very existence of a majority social group.

Is this measure offset in any way? Is there a plan to restructure the country’s labor sector and/or private property? Is there an alternative system for growth, a new production model?

The answer is negative. Nothing appears to be on the horizon, save a brutal reduction of national and private wealth in the name of bringing Greece’s deficit down to the levels expected by our international creditors.

And when, and if, the deficit is down, what will happen then? How will that newly impoverished middle class, that one million unemployed, those wrecked professionals and business people, pick up the pieces and move on?

No one seems to have come up with an alternative prospect, a distant ray of hope. That, of course, is unless Germany’s so-called Plan B for Greece provides for a radically different social and national blueprint that we somehow missed.